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NEW ITEMS:

Accepted for publication in Galilean Electrodynamics Journal (2012 June): Cosmic-Redshift Distance Law, Without c Without H —removing the speed-of-light and the Hubble constant from the RS-distance equation.

New Article submitted to Special Issue of Entropy journal. Will be made available after undergoing peer review. (There is some concern that posting this paper may jeopardize publication.)
The Fundamental Process of Energy —a qualitative understanding and conceptual unification of energy, mass, and gravity.
… This article is the first of a series specifically devoted to revealing the secrets of the Universe. (Contains only a bare minimum of mathematics and mainly in one of the 14 sections.)
Restoring the Physical Meaning of Energy—distinguishing between the apparent energy and the real energy of moving mass. (Posted 2012 Mar)

The Physical Nature of Length Contraction: An easy to follow examination of how the mode by which matter is “conducted” through luminiferous aether causes the matter to contract. A simple derivation of the mathematical expression for this physical phenomenon is presented. There is also a brief discussion of relevant historical aspects and of nonphysical length contraction. (Posted 2012 Feb)

Einstein’s Simple Mathematical Trick –and the Illusion of a Constant Speed of Light  (Posted 2011 Dec)

The Cosmology Debate That Never Happened
What historians call "the greatest cosmological debate in history” was between TWO  expanding universes —two hypothetical models that share the same, I repeat, the same foundational property! If one is to claim some great clash of ideas (let alone the "greatest") then surely there must exist some deep dividing difference! (Posted 2011 Oct)

Amazing video of a simulated cellular universe. The nodal galaxy structures are truly stunning.

The Three Components of the Speed-of-Light Postulate —Absolute vs relative; variance vs invariance. Another instance of the Heraclitian "Harmony of Opposites" (Posted 2011 June 27)



 

GENERAL INTEREST ARTICLES:

Mysteries & Paradoxes that Plague Standard Cosmology

Cosmology Crisis of 1998

Critique of Conventional Cosmology ... comments relating to the 'preposterous' expanding-universe paradigm.
Bafflement —the remarkable admission of a physicist.
The Cosmology Debate That Never Happened   —During the 20th century there was a decades-long debate: The cataclysmic expanding universe VS the stable expanding universe. But there has never been a debate of the dynamic expanding universe VS the dynamic non-expanding universe. (Posted 2011 Oct)

Models of the Universe —Historical, Expanding, and Cellular universes.

The Universe is Infinite (Part 1) —an explanation of why it must be spatially infinite.

The Universe is Infinite (Part 2) —an explanation of why it must be time-wise infinite.

DSSU, The Non-Expanding Universe: Structure, Redshift, Distance —A long sought-after goal of astrophysicists has been a formulation of cosmic distance that is independent of the speed of light. The goal has now been achieved. The present Paper details the surprisingly simple distance expression and its validating agreement with Supernova data.

Why Copernicus Did Not Need a Force of Gravity —Explores the question of why no one, except Newton, invoked a force. (Posted April, 2011)

Gravity and Lambda —a Story of Opposites (.htm) —A story of opposites in harmony. Key differences between the Conventional Cosmology and the New Cosmology are presented.

Dynamic Cosmic Cell —The Structural Component of the DSSU —Animated image and discussion of the self-sustaining, self-balancing system.

Why Einstein Did Not Receive the Nobel Prize for His Theory of Relativity (htm) with EXTRAS.

Why Einstein Did Not Receive the Nobel Prize for His Theory of Relativity (pdf) —C. Ranzan —“By 1922 Einstein had been nominated about fifty times —most were for his relativity theories.” (Reprinted by permission of PEP, from Physics Essays Vol 22, No 4, P564 (2009). ABSTRACT

Questions & Comments
 

DSSU Theory:

Theoretical Foundation and Pillars of the DSSU (Introduction) —This introductory essay gives a thematic tour of historical and modern universes culminating with the Natural Universe.

Theoretical Foundation and Pillars of the Dynamic Steady State Universe (pdf) —The first complete presentation of all four postulates of DSSU theory. A powerful paper that resolves the cause-of-causes paradox, explains the non-independent nature of time, and reveals the 'supreme advantage'. It includes a concise comparison with standard cosmology focusing on real-world viability.

Dynamic Cosmic Cell —The Structural Component of the DSSU —Animated image and discussion of the self-sustaining, self-balancing system.

Unified Gravitation Cells of the DSSU —Constructing the Universe with Cosmic Gravity Cells

Space Flow Equations and Expansion-Contraction Rates (pdf) —This paper explores the mathematical aspects of the two space postulates of DSSU theory —and uncovers some profound consequences.
 

ARTICLES on AETHER:

The Aether Experiments and the Impact on Cosmology —The aether has been detected at least 6 times in recent history. Its most recent re-discovery, in 2001, led to the long-sought causal mechanism of gravity —a discovery, which in turn, is revolutionizing cosmology.

Michelson-Morley and the Story of the Aether Theory —Richard Milton's analysis of the historical details involving the misrepresentation, bias and cover-up that hampered the Aether theory.

The History of the Aether Theory —The historic development of the aether as a scientific theory of space itself. What started as the "fifth element" of Antiquity becomes molded by theoretical constraints and experimental evidence into the dual-dynamic quantum foam —the Essence of the Universe. (rev2011-3)

Relativity of Time in the Aether-Space of the DSSU —How intrinsic time and relative time are related.

DSSU Relativity —The Lorentz Transformations Applied to Aether-Space —Ranzan
Reprinted by permission of Physics Essays Publication, Physics  Essays Vol.23, No.3, p520. (2010). ABSTRACT

The Physical Nature of Length Contraction —the DSSU Theory of Length Contraction Induced by Absolute Motion.
An easy to follow examination of how the mode by which matter is “conducted” through luminiferous aether causes the matter to contract. A simple derivation of the mathematical expression for this physical phenomenon is presented. There is also a brief discussion of relevant historical aspects and of nonphysical length contraction. (Posted 2012 Feb)

Contradiction Divides Two Aether Theories —An exploration into the three parts of the speed-of-light postulate.
Published in Physics  Essays Journal (Vol 24, No.3, Sept, 2011)

Here is an external webpage with an extensive list of research papers on the aether-drift experiments, and the larger question of energy in space.

DSSU RESEARCH PAPERS:

DSSU Cosmic Redshift-Distance Relation (htm) —Converting the cosmic redshift into distance for our Cellular Universe using a simple and elegant equation.

The Large Scale Structure of the Dynamic Steady State Universe (pdf)  (Chapter 1 of DSSU Manuscript) —The postulates and implications of regional space expansion and contraction.

Cosmic-Scale Structural Features Explained (pdf) (Chapter 2 of DSSU Manuscript)
—The Spacing of Clusters
—Sheets of Galaxies
—Supernodes
—Right-angled Walls of Galaxies.

The Cosmic Background Radiation in the DSSU —The natural explanation of the microwave background radiation applicable to the natural Cellular Universe.

Glossary of Terms used in Cosmology and Astrophysics with particular emphasis on DSSU theory.
(Opens in separate Window or Tab)

GRAVITY:

Why Copernicus Did Not Need a Force of Gravity —Explores the question of why no one, except Newton, invoked a force. (Posted April, 2011)

First journal-published paper featuring the DSSU:
The Story of Gravity and Lambda —How the Theory of Heraclitus Solved the Dark Matter Mystery —Ranzan
Reprinted by permission of PEP, from Physics Essays, Vol 23, No1, P75-87 (2010 Mar). ABSTRACT

The Story of Gravity and Lambda —How the Theory of Heraclitus Solved the Dark Matter Mystery —Ranzan Considered "an excellent contribution to the [PE journal]" --professional reviewer.

Unified Gravitation Cells of the DSSU —Constructing the Universe with Cosmic Gravity Cells

 

RELATIVITY ARTICLES:

Einstein’s Simple Mathematical Trick –and the Illusion of a Constant Speed of Light  (Posted 2011 Dec)

FINALLY ACCEPTED for publication, after 22 months of repeated rounds of review!: Extended Relativity —Exploiting the Loopholes in Enstein's Relativity:—Abstract & link — Initial Reviews 

Relativity of Time in the Aether-Space of the DSSU —Absolute Motion and Intrinsic Time

Resolving a Paradox in Special Relativity —Absolute Motion and the Unified Doppler Equation.
(Posted 2011, July). Reprinted by permission of PEP, from Physics  Essays Vol 23, No.4, p594 (2010). ABSTRACT

How DSSU Relativity Resolves the Speed Paradox (Introductory Discussion)   —Absolute Motion Resolves a (speed) Paradox in Einstein’s Special Relativity. (Supplementary Discussion)

DSSU Relativity --The Lorentz Transformations Applied to Aether-Space (Posted 2011, July). Reprinted by permission of Physics Essays Publication, Physics  Essays Vol.23, No.3, p520. (2010). ABSTRACT

The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity (Part 1) —Response to a Reviewer Critical of DSSU Absolute-Space Relativity

The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity (Part 2) —how to convert ABSTRACT-SPACE equations into ABSOLUTE-SPACE equations

Restoring the Physical Meaning of Energy —distinguishing between the apparent energy and the real energy of moving mass. (Posted 2012 Mar)
 

An Open Letter to the Scientific Community
(Published in New Scientist, May 22, 2004)

"The big bang today relies on a growing number of hypothetical entities, things that we have never observed-- inflation, dark matter and dark energy are the most prominent examples. Without them, there would be a fatal contradiction between the observations made by astronomers and the predictions of the big bang theory. In no other field of physics would this continual recourse to new hypothetical objects be accepted as a way of bridging the gap between theory and observation. It would, at the least, raise serious questions about the validity of the underlying theory. ..."  continues ...
 

A devastating Declaration of opposition to Big Bang cosmology signed by more than 400 Researchers.

For the full text click on:
CosmologyStatement.org
or alternate site.

INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM:
This website is mainly concerned with revisionism in cosmology. Those of us involved in replacing the unnatural expanding-universe paradigm are aware of the difficulties involved.
   However, other revisionists have unimaginable difficulties. Consider the ongoing persecution of revisionists in other fields of intellectual pursuit: 
"It makes you wonder —about the immense effort being made by State and State-sponsored organizations with budgets of tens of millions of dollars and thousands of employees and associates to smother and punish these few men and women. Every punishing instrument imaginable is used, every vicious slander conceivable, every flagrant and pervasive form of censorship that law allows, including the imprisonment of simple writers for thought crimes against the State. ... Makes you wonder." —Bradley R. Smith (2011)

"Discussing truth is so controversial, so dangerous … In most of the world it is simply illegal.” Gordon Duff, Senior Editor, Veterans Today (2011)
DEDICATION: This website is solemnly dedicated to those individuals who have conducted research in their chosen field and have informed others of their inquiries and suffered the consequences when subpoenaed by the Inquisition or some variant thereof. The dedication extends to those individuals currently imprisoned, and those now facing trial and persecution simply for exercising their basic human right of freedom of expression supposedly granted to them under the UN Charter of Human Rights.

. . . more than 1000 writers persecuted worldwide . . .

Precedent-setting Internet Censorship Case heard by the Federal Court of Canada involving freedom proponent Marc Lemire: On December 13-14 (2011) the Court ruled on the Government's appeal of an earlier decision, by the CHRC Tribunal, which declared Section 13 (Internet censorship) of the Canadian Human Rights Act to be unconstitutional. (Section 13 prohibits criticism of any identifiable group and, amazingly, does not allow truth to be used as a defence!)

ALSO: Be aware of the continuing threat to our precious freedom of expression on the Internet. The threat is serious and relentless. It is described on www.infowars.com as “… the formal effort to mimic Communist China’s system of Internet censorship.” See The Secret Behind SOPA . (2012-Jan)


© Copyright 2005-2012 by
Conrad Ranzan
and
 DSSU Research

All Rights Reserved
  For information regarding permission to reproduce selected material herein, please contact:

D S S U  Research
 Niagara Falls, Canada

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2012 May15


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2012-5-15

 The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity
 (Part 2)

Conversions Between ABSTRACT-SPACE Equations and ABSOLUTE-SPACE Equations

Conrad Ranzan
2010
 

Contrary to the Einstein assumptions, absolute motion is consistent with relativistic effects, which are caused by actual dynamical effects of absolute motion through the quantum foam, so that it is Lorentzian relativity that is seen to be essentially correct. —Reginald T. Cahill

 

How to Convert an Einstein Special Relativity (ESR)  Equation into a Corresponding Absolute-space Equation

The “Key” is a simple equation. It converts an Einstein abstract-space equation into a corresponding absolute-space equation. Its derivation is detailed in DSSU Relativity --The Lorentz Transformations Applied to Aether-Space, Physics Essays Vol 23, No.3 (2010 Sept). In that Paper the Key appears as equation (4-7):
 

           .          (4-7)


The symbols u, uA, and uB represent collinear velocities or velocity components; c is the speed of light. The absolute motion of reference frame “A” is given by uA, and the absolute motion of reference frame “B” is given by uB. And the relative motion between them is u.

This equation serves three purposes:
(i) converts the absolute speeds uA and uB to a relative speed; (ii) ensures the predicted observable relative speed u is always less than c; (iii) links any Einstein special relativity (ESR) expression to the (DSSU) Absolute equivalent equation.

The Apparent-to-Absolute
Transformation Equation

Anyone familiar with relativity will notice a certain similarity with the ESR Addition of Velocities equation. However, the similarity is superficial.

    Let me clarify that I am not taking one of Einstein’s relativity equations and presumptuously applying my own label. My equation is actually derived from an aether theory and achieves the conversion by using the absolute motion of two reference frames. The Einstein velocity transformation equation (shown in Flowchart 4 below, and also known as the Relativistic Law of Addition of Velocities) achieves the conversion by using the relative motion of the reference frames. In both cases the purpose of the transformation is to extract an apparent relative speed/velocity.

Our interest is focused on purpose (iii).

To make the conversion from an Einstein abstract-space equation to an absolute-space equation we simply substitute the above expression and do the algebra.

First we’ll convert the commonly used Lorentz factor.

 

 
 

Flowchart 1.    Lorentz factor (gamma, g) conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer in frame A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u. Note that gA is the ‘absolute’ Lorentz factor (1− (uA /c)2)−1/2; and gB is the ‘absolute’ Lorentz factor (1− (uB /c)2)−1/2.

  

When converting the aether-referenced Lorentz factors, gA and gB, use the same method stated in the caption for Flowchart 1. Change the velocities from ‘absolute’ to ‘apparent’ (or relative). That is, change the velocities for A and B from aether-referenced to observer-referenced.
 

Time Dilation

Consider an observer in frame A and another observer in frame B. The two frames are in relative motion with respect to each other. And, they are also in absolute motion with respect to aether-space. Next, consider the time interval between two events —such as two ticks of a clock.  Dt0 is a clock-time interval measured within, say, frame B; while Dt is the corresponding time interval determined by the observer in frame A. The question is, “How does observer B’s Dt0 compare with observer A’s clock-time?”

 

 
 

Flowchart 2.   Time dilation equation conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u. Dt0 is the proper time measured in, say, frame B.

  

Observer A “sees” that observer B’s time as being dilated. In other words the relatively moving clock appears to run slower.

Note that the gamma factor (g) is always greater than unity. However, the difference between g and 1 is not significant unless the velocity is greater than one-tenth the speed of light.

 

Length contraction

 

 
 

Flowchart 3.   Length contraction equation conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u. The conversion also applies to the various gamma (g) factors as detailed for Flowchart 1.

  

 

Velocity transformation

The velocity transformation equation, shown in Flowchart 4, is also known as the relativistic law of addition of velocities. It transforms an apparent velocity u′ within one frame, say B, into an apparent velocity u for an observer in the other frame (relatively moving frame).

Simply put, if an observer B measures the speed of some object to be u′  then observer A will find the speed of the same object to be u.

 

 
 

Flowchart 4.   Velocity transformation equation conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u.

  

What is significant about the DSSU expression is that the transformation of an apparent velocity/speed (apparent speed u′ into apparent speed u) is accomplished by the use of absolute motions.
 

Relativistic linear momentum

The momentum of an object is defined as the product of its mass times its velocity. The classical expression, suitable for normal speeds, is,

              p = m u .

When the velocity magnitude is a significant fraction of the speed of light, rest mass m must be replaced by the relativistic mass, expressed as g mo.

The expression for relativistic mass is a mathematical consequence of the Lorentz transformation and the law of conservation of momentum.

 

 
 

Flowchart 5.   Relativistic linear momentum equation conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u. (The g factors are handled as previously detailed for Flowchart 1.)

  

 

Relativistic Kinetic Energy

The relativistic kinetic energy of a particle (or mass) is defined as the difference between the total energy, and the rest energy.

 

 
 

Flowchart 6.   Relativistic kinetic energy equation conversions. To go from ESR to DSSU the procedure is to substitute the conversion equation. To go from DSSU to ESR the procedure is as follows: Observer A considers himself motionless, thus uA is replaced by zero. Then the motion of frame B becomes the relative motion; and so uB is replaced by u. (The g factors are, again, handled as detailed earlier.)

  

 

The Detection of Absolute Motion —Reality and Method

Absolute motion was first detected in the year 1887 by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley. This “absolute motion” was, of course, with respect to the aether that pervades the universe and fills all space.

There are two practical methods for measuring absolute motion (its magnitude and direction). One is the traditional method (based on a 2nd order effect of u/c); the other is a comparatively new method (based on a 1st order effect of u/c). The first method is the gas-mode Michelson optical interferometer and dates back to 1887. It is a cumbersome method that measures an extremely weak effect (an effect that has often been misinterpreted).   The second method involves the RF light-speed anisotropy detector.  It was developed, in 2006, by Professor Reginald T. Cahill of Flinders University in Australia. His method involves timing the difference between a radio-frequency signal and a fiber-optic light signal along a common path length and recording the anisotropy that occurs as the Earth and laboratory rotate with respect to the celestial sphere.

For the details on this 1st -order method of measuring absolute motion (magnitude and direction) see Cahill’s remarkable research paper, A New Light-Speed Anisotropy Experiment: Absolute Motion and Gravitational Waves Detected (Progress in Physics, October, 2006 Vol. 4) p73-p92 [Posted at: http://www.mountainman.com.au/process_physics/HPS33.pdf ]
 

What About the Cosmic Absolute Reference Frame?

What about the well-known absolute frame of reference provided by the CBR —the frame in which the CBR is isotropic)? ... This frame is highly useful for referencing cosmic scale motions, such as the drift of galaxies and other astronomical objects —and even the flow of aether-space itself !  But it has no practical use in special relativity. The reason is that relativity (whether ESR or DSSU) applies to ‘local’ motions only. It applies to local motion only, because Relativity Theory is dependent on what local aether-space is doing (how it is moving) —in Einstein’s version, of course, it depends on what local abstract-space is doing (how it is curving/distorting).
 

How Important is Absolute Motion?

It turns out that absolute motion is the very cause of relativistic effects —both apparent and intrinsic. Absolute motion is what determines observer-dependent effects as well as observer-independent effects.

Most importantly absolute motion is now understood to be the cause of the various relativistic effects, in complete contradiction with the Einstein viewpoint, but in accord with the earlier proposal by Lorentz. —Reginald T. Cahill [The Speed of Light and the Einstein Legacy: 1905-2005 Published in: Infinite Energy, Volume 10, Issue 60 (2005) pp. 28-37]

 

(This Part-2 article has focused mainly on the apparent effects —the ones that depend on the apparent relative motion between two frames, two observers. The absolute effects are detailed in the full-version Paper.)

* * * *

Copyright © 2010 by Conrad Ranzan                   E-mail:  Ranzan@CellularUniverse.org

 

LINK to Part 1 of this article: The Key that Extends Einstein’s Relativity (Part 1)
—Author’s Response to a Reviewer Critical of DSSU Absolute-Space Relativity

2010-09

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Copyright © 2005-2011
All rights reserved.		   C. Ranzan Email:
DSSUresearch@CellularUniverse.org		   Revised: 11-03-15.